Heater for permanent wave apparatus



April 25, 1939.y P4 c. RILLING HEATER FOR PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS Filed oct. 21, 193e .Z'nvenor W /f ZZoTrLej/s Patented Apr. 25, 1939 UNITE-D Application October 21, 1936 Serial'` No.1106,756

6 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus' for producing. waves in human hair' ofv that general type which is'known as a permanent wave. More particularlyA the invention relates to an improved'k means'for heating the' hair during the waving operation'.

It isone of the. objects oi'. my invention to provide a heating. device of simple construction,

wherein the heat is confined to a small arealA me, surrounding the tress of hair which has been wound and treated for waving.

It is another object'of my invention to provide a heating device of such construction 'that the prepared tress of hair may easily be inserted therein and removed therefrom.

It is a still further object of my invention to provide a heating'd'evicewhere'in the directional iiow of heat will be controlled.

My improved heater may be'used to advantage in connection with the hair clamping device disclosed in my application, Serial Number 26,601, filed June 14, 1935, and entitled Permanent wave apparatus and method, and of which this application is a division.

26 These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be more fully-set forthi-n the following description made in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which like reference characters refer to similar' parts' 'throughout the several views, and, in which:`

Fig; 1 is a side elevation showing my heater associated with a hair clamping means in operative position;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation thereof;

351 Fig. 3 is a vertical section on a somewhat larger scale taken approximatelyon the line 3-,3 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of Fig.` 1.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated,

46C I provide a heater member indicated generally at H which includes a longitudinal body member 5 which may, if desired, be constructed of Bakelite or other dielectric material having embedded or positioned therein a suitable heating element 6 45 which extends longitudinally of the body member 5 from points adjacent the ends thereof. The body member is encased by a metal shell or casing 1 having hinge elements 8 integrally formed therewith and disposed on either side of said body.

50 The casing I is constructed of heat conductive metal, such as aluminum, and the under surface thereof is electroplated or coated with a dark pigment material, preferably black in color, and applied in such a way as to produce a dull finish rather than a glazed nish. I have discovered that by electro-plating or coating' thef underL sur# facerof-J thev casing:y 1 in such a. mannerV that the transmission of heat and radiation of heat or emissivity of heat from the bottom of thecasi-ng is materially improved. A type` of electro-plating 5 known to the trade as alumillitev has been very successfully utilizedain the construction of my heater' unit.` "Emissivity has been increased from that obtained from the plain metal by approxi@ mately 65% toI 70% whenv the under surfaceof l0 the casing 'I is so' treated'. This enables,` in my heating device, heating elements of much less wattage to be used reducing the required wattage of the heating elementk by* approximately resulting in a substantial saving in current con-1 5 sumption in a permanentwave machine.

The upper' face of thecasing' 'I forms theV topy or upper portion of the'heating chamber of-my device and a pair of elongated segmental sides 9v extending the length of the body member 5 and" 20 casing I'are hinged to said casing and form the sides of said-heating chamber.' The sides Simay be in the formf of metal plates of'arcuate cross section,ras shown in Fig, 3, and have anged ends I0 which co-operatewith the sector shaped flanges I I of the shell'Ito restrict thel openings at the ends of the heating chamber, the openingsdened byl flanges I0 andl I I" being substantially circular when theI hinged sides 9 are closed and said openings are disposed eccentrically of the exterior-30 periphery of the heating chamber, to receive a suitable winding rod R upon which the tress of hair is wound..

A pair of upstanding posts I2 are secured by suitable means to the top of the shell 1 and are 35 disposed vadjacent each end of said casing orshell. These postsA are of split vconstruction and made from insulating material to receive the electrical service wires I3 whichpass therethrough and are electrically connected with the heating element 40' 6. The upper portions of posts I2 are connected by a rod I4 having mounted thereon a spacing sleeve I5 and a hinged pintle I6 extends between the upper extremities of said posts and has mounted thereon a pair of cooperating actuating levers II which are disposed on either side of the device and are preferably constructed from insulating material with finger grips I8 formed therein. A pair of upstanding arms I9 are secured to the medial portion of the external sides 9 of the heating chamber, one for each of said sides. The upper portions of said arms I9 are offset inwardly and terminate in outwardly curved ends 20 which are engaged beneath the finger grip levers II. A bent spring 2I of substantially hairpin shape has its medial portion looped to surround the hinged pintle I6 and the free ends thereof urge the arms I9 and the finger grip levers l1 in outward directions, thereby normally holding the sides 9 of the heater inwardly, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

When using my heating device, I prefer to combine it with a clamp member, such as is designated at C and which is included in the subject matter of the above identified application ,of which the present application is a division. After the clamp member has been applied in the manner described in my other application, the tress of hair to be waved is then wound upon the winding rod R and a suitable waving pad of conventional structure, which contains a suitable waving iiuid is then wrapped around the tress of hair and rod, as shown in Fig. 3. The heating unit is then clamped about the rod, tress of hair and treating pad by rst retracting the sides 9 of the heater by finger pressure on the finger grip'' ping levers I8, surrounding the wound tress of hair with the heating chamber and then releasing pressure on the spring pressed levers to permit the heater casing to completely enclose the hair to be waved.

It will be observed that due to the shape and construction of the sides and body of the heater proper, the end flange construction of the heater chamber and the sides of the chamber make the escape of steam or entrance of air into the chamber very slight.

Due to the fact that the under side of the casing 'l has been specially treated as hereinbefore described, heat produced by the heating element 6 will pass through said casing and into the interior of the heating chamber which surrounds Vthe tress of hair,l said specially treated under side of the casing causing the heat to be directed more particularly in the direction of the tress of hair which is positioned beneath said casing. In this manner the heat is utilized in a much more eicient manner, and because of this and the substantial enclosure of the hair being waved, a great deal less electric current is utilized in producing the wave.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of parts without departing from the scope of my invention.

What is claimed is:V 1. In a permanent waving apparatus for hair, a casing defining a hollow chamber, a heating element in the upper portion thereof and extending downwardly into said chamber, said chamber having side portions swingable outwardly from each other to provide an opening at the bottom thereof, a relatively stationary portion constituting the upper end portion of said charnber, said side portions having lateral and lower arancio complementary end portions movable with said side portions, said ends having oppositely disposed openings therein, and a winding rod whose ends are adapted to be tightly gripped in said openings.

2. In a permanent waving apparatus for hair, a casing defining a hollow chamber, a heating element in said casing, a winding rod removably supported within said casing, said casing having side portions hingedly mounted at their upper edges, arms rigidly connected to said sides and extending upwardly at either side of said casing, and a pair of cooperating levers supported upon said casing and hinged at their upper ends and extending downwardly to said arms for actuating the same.

3. In a permanent waving apparatusl for hair, a casing defining a hollow chamber, a heating element within said casing, a winding rod reimovably supported within said casing adjacent said heating element, said casing having side portions hingedly mounted at their upper edges. arms extending a short distance above said hinged mountings and rigidly connected to said side portions, and cooperating arm actuating levers hingedly supported at their upper ends above said arms and having their lower ends outwardly overlapping the upper ends of said arms.

4. In a permanent waving apparatus for hair, a casing defining a hollow chamber forreceiving a tress of wound hair, the ends of said casing having oppositely disposed openings therein, .a hair winding rod of smaller diameter than said ends and insertable in said opening, the upper end portions of said chamber being relatively stationary and extending downwardly va substantial distance from the top thereof,` said chamber also having side portions movable away from each other at the bottom .and sides of the chamber to permit insertion and removal of said winding rod, and a heating element within the interior of the upper portion of said chamber adjacent said winding rod.

5. In a permanent waving apparatus for hair, a hollow casing, a heating device in said casing,

said casing having side portions hingedly'mounted at their upper edges, a winding rod'removably supported within the casing, arms rigidly connected to said casing sides and extending upwardly therefrom, arm operating levers hingedly supported above said casing adjacent the upper ends of said arms, and spring means normally`A urging the upper ends of said arms and the free ends of said levers outwardly to urge said casing sides toward each other.

6. The structure in claim 5 and said spring means comprising a single spring for effecting the operation of` said arms and levers.

PAUL C. RILLING. 

